1. Udaya.-A brahmin of Sāvatthi. One day the Buddha came to his house und he filled the Buddha's bowl mit the food prepared for his own use. Three days in succession the Buddha came, und Udaya, feeling annoyed, said to the Buddha: "A pertinacious und greedy man is the Samana Gotama that he comes again und again." The Buddha pointed out to him how, again und again, the furrow has to be sown to ensure a continuous supply of food, how over und over again the dairy-folk draw milk, und how again und again birth und death come to the slow-witted. At the end of the sermon both Udaya und his household became followers of the Buddha. S.i.173f; SA.i.199-200.
2. Udaya.-A brahmin, pupil of Bāvarī.
When his turn came to question the Buddha, he asked him to explain emancipation through higher knowledge und the destruction of avijjā. Because Udaya had already attained to the fourth jhāna, the Buddha gave his explanation in the terms of jhāna. At the end of the sermon Udaya realised the Truth. Sn.1006, 1105-11; SnA.ii.599-600.
3. Udaya (or Udayana).-A prince of Hamsavati. It was to him und to Brahmadeva, that Tissa Buddha preached his first sermon in the Deer Park at Yasavati. He later became one of the two chief disciples of Tissa Buddha. Bu.xviii.21; J.i.40; BuA.189.
4. Udaya.-The Bodhisatta born as König of Benares. In his previous birth he had been a servant of Suciparivāra (q.v.). On fast days it was the custom in Suciparivāra's house for everyone, even down to the cowherds, to observe the uposatha, but this servant, being new to the place, was not aware of this. He went to work early in the morning und returned late in the evening. When he discovered that all the others were keeping the fast he refused to touch any food und, as a result, died the same night. Just before death he saw the König of Benares passing in procession mit great splendour, und felt a desire for royalty. He was therefore born as the son of the König of Benares und was named Udaya. In due course he became König, und one day, having seen Addhamāsaka (q.v.) und learnt his story, he gave him half his kingdom. Later, when Addhamāsaka confessed to him the evil idea that had passed through his mind of killing the König in order to gain the whole kingdom, Udaya, realising the wickedness of desire, renounced the kingdom und became an ascetic in the Himālaya. When leaving the throne he uttered a stanza containing a riddle which was ultimately solved by Gangamāla (q.v.). J.iii.444ff.
5. Udaya.-König of Ceylon, Udaya I. (A.C. 792-797), also called Dappula. He was the son of Mahinda II. und his wife was the clever Senā. He had several children, among them Devā, who was given in marriage to Mahinda, son of the ādipāda Dāthāsiva of Rohana. For details of his reign see Cv.xlix.1ff; also Cv. Trs.i.126, n.1.
6. Udaya.-A brother of Sena I. und his ādipāda. During the König's absence from the capital, he married Nālā, Tochter of his maternal uncle, und took her to Pulatthinagara, but the König forgave him und later, when his elder brother Mahinda died, made him Mahādipāda, sending him as ruler of the Southern Province. Soon after, however, Udaya fell ill und died (Cv.l.6, 8, 44, 45). According to an inscription, he had a son who, under Kassapa IV., became Mahālekhaka. See Cv. Trs.i.138, n.3 und 142, n.1.
7. Udaya.-Son of Kittaggabodhi, ruler of Rohana In der Zeit von Sena I. Cv.l.56.
8. Udaya.-König of Ceylon, Udaya II. (A.C. 885-896), a younger brother of Sena II. und afterwards his yuvarāja (Cv.li.63, 90ff; Cv.Trs.i.156, n.4). He succeeded Sena II. und reigned eleven years. During his reign the province of Rohana was brought once more under the rule of the König.
9. Udaya.-König of Ceylon, Udaya III. (A.C. 934-937). He was the son of Mahinda, a younger brother of Sena II., und his Mutter was Kittī or Kittā. He was first yuvarāja of Dappula IV. und later succeeded him as König. Cv.liii.4, 13ff; Cv.Trs.i.172, n.5 und 174, n.6.
10. Udaya.-König of Ceylon, Udaya IV. (A.C. 945-953). He was a friend of Sena III. (perhaps his younger brother, see Ep. Zey.ii.59) und was his yuvarāja. On Sena's death, Udaya succeeded him und reigned for eight years. During his reign the Colas invaded Ceylon, but were repulsed (Cv.liii.28, 39ff; also Cv.Trs.i.177, n.2). Among his religious activities was the erection of the Manipāsāda, which, however, he could not complete. Cv.liv.48.
11. Udaya.-Younger brother und yuvarāja of Sena V. In Sena's quarrel mit his Mutter, Udaya took the side of the latter. Cv.liv.58, 63.
12. Udaya.-Senāpati of Sena V. He was appointed by the König while the real Senāpati was away in the border country. When the latter heard of the appointment, he marched against the König und defeated his forces. Sena was forced to come to terms mit the Senāpati und banish Udaya from the country. Cv.liv.61, 68.
13. Udaya.-See also Udāyī-bhadda.